What Were The Causes of The Downfall of Louis XVI- Is he...

As the tragic events of the French Revolution unfolded, King Louis XVI of France soon found himself in the centre of it and gradually became one of the victims. In the morning of Tuesday 21st January 1793, he was woken by his guards and taken to Place de la Revolution. My people, I die an innocent man were his last words to the crowd, and moments later, his head was held up to the crowd . However, what caused the end of monarchy? Was Louis XVI completely responsible for his own downfall? There is no questioning that Louis XVI is, in fact, partially responsible for his own downfall, but other factors, both short term and long term, also contributed to his downfall. Awkward and timid, Louis XVI found himself on the throne at the age of†¦show more content†¦His idea may influence people of the third estate, who always longed for a say in the running of the country, and cause them to think that it was extremely unfair for them to have no political power when they paid most of the taxes, which supported the country. This, may continue, and cause rebellions. The ideas of the philosophers were all against the teachings of the Church. They also questioned whether kings should be absolute monarchs. Gradually, they influenced many people, and began to question the entire political system of France: Should the absolute monarch and his government be overthrown? Should a new government, which was based on the will of the people, be developed? ;In the 1770s, the Americans started the American Revolution. Always at odds with Great Britain, King Louis XVI managed to see that by helping the Americans, he can, at the same time, reduce the powers of the Great Britain to prevent further attacks or destructions on France. Therefore, more than 9,000 French soldiers and sailors fought in the American Revolution, performed well in the war and earned praises from both the French, and the American citizens . However, there were disadvantages for helping the Americans. Some of the soldiers that returned came back to France with revolutionary ideas from America. Americans independence gave the soldiers an idea that rebelling against King Louis XVI and his government could earn them moreShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesPerspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of work that today qualify as constituting the subjectRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesISBN-10: 0-13-283487-1 1. Organizational behavior. I. Judge, Tim. II. Title. HD58.7.R62 2012 658.3—dc23 2011038674 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 10: 0-13-283487-1 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-283487-2 Brief Contents Preface xxii 1 2 Introduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Diversity in Organizations 39 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Emotions and Moods 97 Personality and Values 131 Perception and Individual Decision Making 165 Motivation Concepts 201 Motivation:Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagessolution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN PrenticeRead MoreMerger and Acquisition: Current Issues115629 Words   |  463 Pagesthe United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN-13: 978-0230-55379-8 ISBN-10: 0-230-55379-6 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of

Making a Difference as an Educator Essay - 1555 Words

Making a Difference as an Educator I believe the purpose of an educator is to enhance minds and touch lives. I think it is wonderful that in the country we live in today, that all children are not only given the opportunity for an education, but are forced to take advantage of it. Almost every adult can look back at their school years and think of at least one teacher that has touched their lives in one or more ways. I hope that as an educator that I will have made a difference in many lives and be their motivation to reach their highest goals. I can not wait to become a teacher. I love to work with children and I love to see them enjoying themselves. I want to become a teacher so I can be given the chance to†¦show more content†¦They spend their own money when school funding is low so that they can teach in the way they feel will be most beneficial to their students. They also spend hours of their extra time planning field trips, attending school functions, setting up parent-teacher conferences, and doing fundraisers for their school’s benefit. After I successfully complete the teacher education program at Concord University, I plan to take my education farther. I plan to attend Marshall University and get my master’s degree. If I am this far in my education, I believe that it would be in my best interest to go ahead and go all the way while I am still young and in the habit of studying and going to school. I plan to attend Marshall University because I have already attended school there before, and I believe they have a lot to offer there. I want to go there so that I can learn from new teachers that I have not had in class before, and expand my horizons. After I receive my master’s degree, I plan to teach school for a few years. I would prefer to teach kindergarten or first grade, but I will take whatever is available in the area I am living in, being a young and inexperienced educator. After teaching for a few years and getting experience in running my own classroom, I would like to open up my own day care. I have worked at a day care before and I feelShow MoreRelatedIn The Book, Careers In The Classroom By Sylvia Mei-Ling1328 Words   |  6 Pagesschools and what causes an educator to decide to stay or leave the profession. Through my reading, I learned about the profession and why people choose it, I recognized many issues and situations I did not yet know occurred in the classroom and realized how this information will help me in my future career. I learned that there are a lot of stresses placed on educators. The author described that inner-city schools find themselves to be one of the hardest places for educators when it comes to teachingRead MoreAn Educator Who Understands Issues Of Diversity And Difference976 Words   |  4 PagesAn educator who understands issues of diversity and difference will make the classroom a more enriching environment for all of the students in it, and will ensure those students who are adversely affected by such diversity and difference are given the opportunity and encouragement to overcome challenges they face. Socio-economic disadvantage among students has an impact in the classroom in terms of the ability of a child to gain an understanding of the knowledge and skills required to be a successfulRead MoreMy Future Career As A Speech Language Pathologist1208 Words   |  5 Pagesthat we are necessarily becoming racially and culturally inclusive. Within my future career as a Speech-Language P athologist, I will encounter students who will be linguistically and culturally diverse, and it will be important to recognize the differences in my students. Because I am white, I have never encountered barriers in relation to my race or cultural identity. I have also struggled to become aware of it being an issue for other individuals, but that does not mean that there are not issuesRead MoreThe Analytical Effectiveness Of The Assessment935 Words   |  4 Pagesavoid focusing on the assessment scores because they believe children reading strategies to decode words or understand a word meaning does not always mean reading proficiency. Moreover, I found that a difference between informal and formal assessments. I believe informal assessments allow educators to bring a different perspective. For example, I found informal assessments allow the merging of oral literacy, reading, and writing. Meanwhile, I found that this was not the case with formal assessmentsRead MoreI Didn t Be Racist?828 Words   |  4 Pagesbelieve that culturally competent educators acknowledge their students differences, and learn to value and respect these differences in the classroom. Educators must model positive behavior by respecting and valuing where their students come from. When educators value differences in the classroom, it creates a culture in which everyone can be himself or herself. In order to create this culture in my future classroom I need to acknowledge all of my student’s differences, and I must learn to value andRead MoreComparision of the Competencies for Advanced Practice Nurses663 Words   |  3 Pagesand profes sional organizations tend to either support or refute the argument related to the use of the term, advanced practice nurse for nursing administrators and educators. For the purpose of this paper the author will explore the core competency similarities and differences of a nurse practitioner and a nurse educator. Nurse educators and nurse practitioners are registered nurses that possess advanced education, skills, and experience. Each specialty nurse has defined scopes of practice with distinctRead MoreComparing The National Council Of Teachers Of Mathematics Standards For Secondary Mathematics Essay1590 Words   |  7 PagesThis paper serves to compare the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Standards for Secondary Mathematics (NCTM), Common Core State Standards (CCSS), and Virginia’s Standards of Learning (VSOL). The comparison will include similarities and differences among the three documents as well as discuss their strengths and weaknesses. Lastly, a combined se t of standards will be developed and presented, encompassing the strengths of the various standards. The first similarity between the three documentsRead MoreI Have Worked In Education For Ten Years, Eight As An Algebra1679 Words   |  7 PagesEducation for ten years, eight as an Algebra 1 educator and two as an Assistant Principal. I am currently finishing up my third year as an Assistant Principal at New Braunfels High School. Education has been a passion of mind since becoming the first person in my family to graduate from high school and obtaining my Bachelor s degree from Texas State University. Most of my days consist of guiding students in their education endeavor and supporting educators with instruction and delivery in the schoolRead MoreEssay on Teaching Native American Youth1214 Words   |  5 PagesTeaching Native American Youth Laurie M. Freeman University of Phoenix Teaching Native American Youth ` Information literacy and technological literacy are necessary for educators in the constantly changing global world. Scholarship, practice, and leadership are important concepts in teaching Native American/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) youths because these students come from a different cultural background and succeed better with culturally based schooling. Freeman and Fox (2005) said AI/NA studentsRead MoreLanguage Is A Multifaceted Phenomenon That Has Been Given1483 Words   |  6 Pagesand the language greatly influences the individual’s value placed on language, how it is used and learned, and ultimately the meanings constructed. As educators, a sociocultural appreciation must be considered when teaching language in the classroom to ensure students have a relevant and relatable learning experience. Not only this, but educators must also have a strong personal understanding of the functionality of language in order to better support students learn language, learn about langua ge

Phenomenology of Love Essay Example For Students

Phenomenology of Love Essay When I hear the word â€Å"love† it always gives me this unfathomable feeling of happiness and sadness at the same time. All the happiest and most painful memories I once had and experienced with my first love flashes back into my mind. I was again able to hear the laughs we had shared whenever when we’re together. Our exchanging of â€Å"Good morning† and â€Å"Good night† messages each and every day. The rules that we have to break just to meet and the support we give to inspire each other. Though, we all know that every beginning has its own ending. And in just a snap, all those dreams turned into nightmares. Through those, I’ve come to realize that love was not just as easy as standing up when you tripped in a pebble. It was not always as calming and relaxing when you hear the birds sing, and it was not just as beautiful as those blooming flowers in the garden. Love is a mixture of excitement, joy, holdbacks, and regrets. It was never as easy as anyone, even I, thought it would be. As the saying goes, everything comes when you least expect it, as well as love. Love comes by surprise, you never know when and where will it happen, and to which person you will experience it. Just like what happened to me, to us. I never thought that an acquaintance, who I thought would just like to be friends with me, will take the courage to court me. And I know that entering into a relationship as early as second year high school will not last long, and I was right. But still, I was not able to do anything to stop what I felt for him, because just like what the majority says, you can never stop your heart when it starts beating for someone. During the first few months of courting, he already let me feel like I was the most important girl for him, and how he was deeply, madly, and crazily in love with me. I’ve got all his attention that whenever I was not able to reply to his messages, he already gets paranoid. He cares for me a lot that he always reminds me to never pass a meal. He also never forgets to tell me how much he loves me, and how he imagined his future with me. And with that, I began to fall and be attached to him also. I started showing how important and special he is to me, and eventually, I was also able to say how much I love him. Nothing is perfect, even in relationships. We all know that love always comes with hate, for without hate there is no love, and vice versa. Having small fights and misunderstandings are already a part of a relationship, especially for us, young lovers. We’re still too immature to solve the big problems of the world that will be thrown to us. That’s why it always boils down for us to cool off, and give each other our own space and time to think about things. And after a few days of cooling off and realizing things, he will then make a way on how to bring us back together. But nothing is permanent in this world except change. Slowly, everything between us starts to fall off. And who would have thought that that just one misunderstanding will totally end everything between us. That on that same day we’re planning how we will celebrate our monthsary, will also be that same day that we’ll get into a serious misunderstanding. And worst, after days of not talking about what had happened, we broke up-the thing I feared the most. After what happened, we still remained being friends, which is kind of unusual to â€Å"Exes,† but everything went well. May be, we were really not meant for each other to be together. That we’ve just met to prepare each other to the person that God really had given us. The one who will fully understand us. The one who will accept who and what we really are. .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1 , .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1 .postImageUrl , .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1 , .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1:hover , .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1:visited , .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1:active { border:0!important; } .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1:active , .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1 .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ueb7bbfe73c9b55b71e7bb176b2ca36c1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Confucianism and Taoism EssayThe one who really deserve both of us. I know that my 19 years of existence is still not mature enough to this kind of thing. I still have many goals to achieve. I still have many countries to visit. I still got a lot of time to enjoy life with my friends and family. A diploma, after college, still awaits me. And a nice, and comfy seat in an office is still waiting for me to be occupied. And this thing called â€Å"Love,† it can wait. It will come in my life at the right place, on right time, and with the right person in front of me. And I’ll make sure, that when that thing comes, it will now last for a lifetime.

Negative Vs. Positive In Ancient Greek Life Essays - Iliad, Achilles

Negative Vs. Positive In Ancient Greek Life In ancient Greece there was a belief that an equal, but justified, negative event offset every positive event. Likewise, a positive experience justified every negative escapade. This Greek belief is apparent in the epic Iliad by Homer in the scenes that Hephaistos fashions onto Achilleus' new battle shield. The scenes painted on Achilleus' new shield reflect to the reader the belief that the Greeks had in balance in their lives. In one such spectacle Hephaistos depicts a Greek wedding tradition. Men are leading their wives along the city from their maiden chambers, under flaring torches, as the bride song is played loudly. The people were assembled in a marketplace as a fight has broken out between two men over the blood price for a man who had been killed. The tone of this scene starts off very wondrous and happy. As in Greek tradition an event takes place that doesn't, in this situation, necessarily have a negative effect on the scene but is more of an annoyance to the couples. This fight is an example of how a negative event offsets an enjoyable occasion. In another scene Hephaistos depicts the field of a King whose villagers are harvesting his field in an annual event. Hephaistos describes how the reapers reap the wheat and the sheaf-binders follow to bundle the crop together. As this is happening, the village women are gathering barley for the men to eat as they work. Away from the field, a slaughtered ox is being prepared for all to enjoy. The king stands by watching happily as his people come together for this annual affair. As the workers continue their harvest, herdsmen are taking their cattle out to graze in a field. As the herdsman move the cattle onward, two dire lions grab hold of a bull and begin to kill and eat it. The herdsmen try to set their dogs on the lions but they are unsuccessful. The dogs take a close stand but cannot scare off the fearless lions. This is a great example of the equilibrium in life which Greeks believed in. A village of people are harvesting their annual crop as the King watches on happily. Then out of nowhere, lions show up to capture and eat a village bull. There is no foreshadowing given to the reader to hint to the events coming forth. The occurrences happen sporadically and are quite random, leaving the reader wondering why such details would be included in the painting of Achilleus' shield. The reason is simple. In Greek culture, positive a nd negative went hand in hand. The way the Greeks looked at life, with respect to their reasoning for good and bad events, is very commodious. An ancient Greek man would not walk out of his house, see the sun shining bright and say, ?What beautiful weather! Today will be an excellent day.? The Greeks had a solid grasp of life and knew that as good as life may be it can also become equally worse. Many people today have a misconception that bad events happen once in a while, or that there is a definite reason for why a negative experience has occurred. As result they feel they are having bad ?luck? on such occasions. The Greek culture would have nothing to do with luck. They took life as it came and accepted whatever may be their fate. They made no excuses for why something happened to them but rather turned their cheek and moved onward. Theater

Free Essays on Harley 100th

I work as an intern at the company’s headquarters in Milwaukee, WI. Working at Harley-Davidson, so close to the 100th anniversary has been a tremendous experience. You can feel the excitement building in the air as the count down takes place. There is a large countdown clock, up to the second, attached to the building located on Juneau Avenue. Harley is calling it â€Å"the largest birthday party anyone has seen.† The actual 100th anniversary party is mainly taking place at the Summerfest grounds in Milwaukee, but there has been many build up birthday parties around the globe. Hotels are booked for the event up to a 100-mile radius, so there will be plenty of partiers attending. I am very excited and plan on attending the main birthday party and viewing some of the concerts. Employees still don’t know the line up of bands, but in some of the build up parties there has been acts such as: Aerosmith, Ted Nugent, The Doors, and many other big name acts. Ano ther question employees are anxious to see is who is going to be the MC for the event. Jay Leno took this role in the 95th anniversary, and some say he might repeat, because of his love for Harley-Davidson motorcycles. It is a great privilege to be able to be a part of such an extraordinary event.... Free Essays on Harley 100th Free Essays on Harley 100th I work as an intern at the company’s headquarters in Milwaukee, WI. Working at Harley-Davidson, so close to the 100th anniversary has been a tremendous experience. You can feel the excitement building in the air as the count down takes place. There is a large countdown clock, up to the second, attached to the building located on Juneau Avenue. Harley is calling it â€Å"the largest birthday party anyone has seen.† The actual 100th anniversary party is mainly taking place at the Summerfest grounds in Milwaukee, but there has been many build up birthday parties around the globe. Hotels are booked for the event up to a 100-mile radius, so there will be plenty of partiers attending. I am very excited and plan on attending the main birthday party and viewing some of the concerts. Employees still don’t know the line up of bands, but in some of the build up parties there has been acts such as: Aerosmith, Ted Nugent, The Doors, and many other big name acts. Ano ther question employees are anxious to see is who is going to be the MC for the event. Jay Leno took this role in the 95th anniversary, and some say he might repeat, because of his love for Harley-Davidson motorcycles. It is a great privilege to be able to be a part of such an extraordinary event....

The Beluga Whale, the Little Whale That Loves to Sing

The Beluga Whale, the Little Whale That Loves to Sing The beloved beluga whale is known as the canary of the sea for its repertoire of songs. Beluga whales live mainly in colder seas, and get their name from the Russian word bielo for white.   Why Do Beluga Whales Sing? Beluga whales are extremely social creatures, like their close cousins, the dolphins and porpoises. A pod (group) of belugas can number in the hundreds. They migrate and hunt together, often in murky seas under the ice. Beluga whales communicate with each other in these tough conditions by singing. The beluga whale has a melon-shaped structure on the top of its head that enables it to produce and direct sounds. It can make an astounding array of different noises, from whistles to chirps and everything in between. Captive belugas have even learned to mimic human voices. In the wild, beluga whales use their songs to talk to other members of their pod. Theyre equipped with well-developed hearing, so the back and forth between whales   in a group can get quite chatty. Belugas also use their melon for echolocation, using sound to help them navigate in dark waters where visibility may be limited. What Do Beluga Whales Look Like? The beluga whale is easy to identify by its distinctive white color and humorously bulbous head. The beluga is one of the smallest whale species, reaching an average of 13 feet in length, but it can weigh over 3,000 pounds thanks to its thick layer of blubber. Instead of dorsal fins, they have a prominent dorsal ridge. Young beluga whales are grey, but gradually lighten in color as they mature. A beluga whale in the wild has a lifespan of 30-50 years, although some scientists believe they can live as long as 70 years. Beluga whales are unique among whales for several unusual abilities. Because their cervical vertebrae arent fused together as in other whale species, belugas can move their heads in all directions – up and down and side to side. This flexibility likely helps them pursue prey. They also have the unusual habit of shedding their outer layer of skin each summer. The beluga will find a shallow body of water lined with gravel, and rub its skin against the rough stones to scrape the old layer off. What Do Beluga Whales Eat? Beluga whales are opportunistic carnivores. Theyre known to feed on shellfish, mollusks, fish, and other marine life, from squid to snails. The Beluga Whale Life Cycle Beluga whales mate in the spring, and the mother carries her developing calf for 14-15 months. The whale moves to warmer waters before giving birth, because her newborn calf doesnt have enough blubber to survive in the cold. Whales are mammals, and so the beluga calf relies on its mother to nurse for the first few years of its life. A female beluga whale reaches reproductive age between 4 and 7 years old, and can give birth to a calf about every two or three years. Males take longer to reach sexual maturity, at about 7 to 9 years of age. How Are Beluga Whales Classified? The beluga is most closely related to the narwhal, the unicorn whale with a horn on its head. They are the only two members of the family of white whales. Kingdom - Animalia (animals)Phylum - Chordata (organisms with a dorsal nerve cord)Class – Mammalia (mammals)Order – Cetacea (whales, dolphins, and porpoises)Suborder – Odontoceti (toothed whales)Family - Monodontidae (white whales)Genus – DelphinapterusSpecies – Delphinapterus leucas Where Do Beluga Whales Live? Beluga whales inhabit the cold waters of the northern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and the Arctic Sea. They live mainly in the high latitudes around Canada, Greenland, Russia, and Alaska in the U.S. Belugas are sometimes spotted around northern Europe. Beluga whales prefer shallow waters along the coast, and will swim into river basins and estuaries. They dont seem bothered by changes of salinity, which enables them to move from the salty ocean water to freshwater rivers without issue. Are Beluga Whales Endangered? The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) designates the beluga whale as a near threatened species. However, this global designation does not take into account some specific beluga populations that may be at greater risk of decline. Beluga whales were previously designated as vulnerable, and they are still hunted for food and caught for captive display in some parts of their range. Sources: Beluga Whale (Delphinapterus leucas), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration website. Accessed online June 16, 2017. Delphinapterus leucas, IUCN Red List of Threatened Species website. Accessed online June 16, 2017. The mysterious squeaks and whistles of beluga whales, by Lesley Evans Ogden, BBC website, 20 January 2015. Accessed online June 16, 2017.Facts About Beluga Whales, by Alina Bradford, LiveScience website, 19 July 2016. Accessed online June 16, 2017.

Software Defined Radio Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Software Defined Radio - Research Paper Example The radio has increased the reception frequency from 45 MHz to 6 GHz operating between 900 MHz and 6 GHz. At this frequency, the radio was able to cover a wide range of the available mobile communication areas. Figure 1 shows the frequency allocation of the present mobile communication, the global positioning, and broadcasting systems. The incorporation of Bluetooth application played a significant role in increasing the frequency and the bandwidth. Figure 1: Frequency allocation of mobile communication, global positioning, and broadcasting systems On the other hand, the radio receiver had to be designed in a manner that it would be compatible with the future receivers. The receiver transferred low-power radio frequency signal to a complex baseband signal. The design considered all performance parameters that included noise figure (NF), dynamic range, third order interception point (TOI), image rejection, filtering, and signal to noise ratio. In order to ensure quality configuration of the radio, the input power level, bandwidth, frequency, and modulation were variable. The software was designed to transfer signals to a dynamic range and have a flexible fixed bandwidth. Design engineers faced many challenges despite the popularity and demand for software defines radio. Simulation and design techniques were employed in delivering quality product to optimize its operations (Garcia et al 1156-1161). The new developed software provides users with an easier operating environment since a task radio behavior is set and the hardware is left to implement radio frequencies. In addition, the design team produced a small and simple receiver manufactured as an integrated circuit (IC). The... This paper approves that the analog to digital converters were also used in the design. The traditional radio receivers used external antenna at radio frequencies. The design engineers could not perform direct digitalization of microwave frequencies which posed a big challenge. The introduction of analog to digital converters made information more accessible and easier to decode. The mobile communication gadgets were fitted with the application from the manufacturers making it easier to convert frequencies. On the other hand, the traditional radio used antennas for single frequency band. Because of the increasing communication jam, engineers designed an application that could accommodate multiple calls at ago. This report makes a conclusion that the development of software define radio technology has changed the way in which people communicate using mobile phones. Many researchers have been conducted on the suitability of the application and how it could fit in the future world of communication. Wireless and mobility concept has allowed societies to share more information in an efficient and timely manner therefore, bringing life changing services to communities. The radio services have contributed a lot in educating, empowering, and delighting people on how to handle future technological changes. The revolution has changed even the ways in which people carry out their businesses in the present society. Each day experts come up with new methods of wireless communication that enable people to connect, share, and make innovations using wireless and mobility concept. The following application was found out to be very efficient, power saving, and capable of rejecting high levels of frequency i nterference.

Should Parents Censor Textbooks for Children in Schools Research Paper

Should Parents Censor Textbooks for Children in Schools - Research Paper Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that the American Library Association provides information about the first amendment along with comments and opinions. The site first gives the specific text of the first amendment which is as follows – â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances†. The above statement indicates a level of relative freedom for the citizens of the country with importance given to freedom of expression which can include literature and textbooks intended for schoolchildren. The above article further highlights the observation of the 1791 ruling of the Supreme Court which states that censorship of a society is a sign of weakness and can be seen as autocratic or authoritarian. What is to be mentioned here about the site i s that it does not provide any clarifications or any other opinions about these observations and statutes. But it does provide links to other sites like the Cornell Law University and other government sites that could provide further light on the topic. So, it can be seen as an introduction to the First Amendment with good links to other literature on the topic. These issues and opinions will now be reviewed with other available literature. The problem or the confusion with regard to freedom of expression and censorship is that the law does not specifically state or define the limits of these two topics. Hence the concept of censorship has to be viewed from other angles including philosophical and social views and individual court decisions.

The Awakening - the Sea Essay Example for Free

The Awakening the Sea Essay The sea in The Awakening represents not only Edna’s self-awakening, evolution and growth, but also the combination of freedom and death. In her search for freedom, the sea plays a part in the realization that the only way to achieve freedom is through death: her true awakening. We go as far as to say that throughout the novel, Edna is aware of this dark truth, but only on a subconscious level, which is why she only sees the sea as place of self-expression and freedom, but nothing deeper until the very end. She is alone in this awareness, which really isn’t manifested until her one-on-one encounter with the sea and the abysses of solitude, even though she is quite the loner throughout the novel. These meetings with the sea show a progression in Edna’s life, from afraid and dependent, to confused and in transition, to confident and fully awakened to her inevitable fate, the truth, the answer and only way out. This marks a loss of innocence and naà ¯vetà © of sorts, her turning from a pretty selfish and capricious child to a kind of responsible, strong and illuminated adult. Edna’s awakening and full transition from childlike to knowing was one full of difficulty and obstacles to surmount. The sea is simply a symbol of that evolution: the two main encounters with it are completely representative of Edna Pontellier’s isolated shift from dissatisfied and confused to entirely free of any restriction. It helps her come to realize that she shouldn’t expect or hope for anything from the society she lived in, no matter what she attempted to gain freeness from, including love affairs with anyone, whether it be Alcà ©e or Robert. The sea is the one and only thing guiding her real awakening, because it’s the only possible way to progressively gain complete independence, and, in the end, freedom through her death.

Sigmund Freuds Oedipus Complex Essay -- essays research papers

Oedipus Complex "It is the fate of all of us, perhaps, to direct our first sexual impulse towards our mother and our first hatred and our first murderous wish against our father." - Sigmund Freud(Clark, 122) The Oedipus conflict or complex is a concept developed by Sigmund Freud to explain the origin of certain psychological disorders in childhood. It is defined as a child's unconscious desire for the exclusive love of the parent of the opposite sex. This desire includes jealousy toward the parent of the same sex and the unconscious wish for that parent's death. Horney states that it is not a â€Å"biologically given phenomenon† but rather a response to the â€Å"provocation’s† of the outside world.(Horney) The â€Å"Oedipus Complex† was started from Simund Freud. Freud was born on May 6, 1856, in Freiberg, Moravia, a region now in the Czech Republic. His father was a wool merchant and was forty when he had Sigmund, the oldest of eight children (Gay, 78) and lived till 1939. (Gay, 112) The term Oedipus complex gets its name from Oedipus Rex. The story of Oedipus can be found in the recount authored by Sophocles. In the story Oedipus has been made King of Thebes in gratitude for his freeing the people from a plague brought on them by the presence of the riddling Sphinx. Since Laius, the former king, had shortly before been killed, Oedipus has been further honored by the hand of Queen Jocasta. Now more deadly famines and diseases are raging and the people have come to ask Oedipus to rescue them as before. Oedipus give his brother in-law the job of finding the solution. Creon, Jocasta's brother, comes back from Apollo's temple with the announcement that the famine will be cured if Laius' murderer be found and cast from the city. I... ... things that don't support freud's idea. Freud’s theory was according to the libido theory every human relationship is based ultimately on instinctual drives. When the theory is applied to child-parent relationships several conclusions are suggested: â€Å"any kind of submissive devotion to a parent of the same sex is probably the expression of passive homosexuality or of sexual masochistic trends, while a rebellious rejection of a parent of the same sex is probably an inner fight against existing homosexual desires,† (Horney) Works Cited Bernheimer, Charles, In Dora's case : Freud—hysteria—feminism , New York : Columbia University Press, Horney, Karen, New Ways in Psychoanalysis, New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 2000 Clark, David. What Freud Really Said. New York: Scholden, 1995. Gay, Peter. Freud, A Life Of Our Time. New York: W.W. Norton, 1988. Sigmund Freud's Oedipus Complex Essay -- essays research papers Oedipus Complex "It is the fate of all of us, perhaps, to direct our first sexual impulse towards our mother and our first hatred and our first murderous wish against our father." - Sigmund Freud(Clark, 122) The Oedipus conflict or complex is a concept developed by Sigmund Freud to explain the origin of certain psychological disorders in childhood. It is defined as a child's unconscious desire for the exclusive love of the parent of the opposite sex. This desire includes jealousy toward the parent of the same sex and the unconscious wish for that parent's death. Horney states that it is not a â€Å"biologically given phenomenon† but rather a response to the â€Å"provocation’s† of the outside world.(Horney) The â€Å"Oedipus Complex† was started from Simund Freud. Freud was born on May 6, 1856, in Freiberg, Moravia, a region now in the Czech Republic. His father was a wool merchant and was forty when he had Sigmund, the oldest of eight children (Gay, 78) and lived till 1939. (Gay, 112) The term Oedipus complex gets its name from Oedipus Rex. The story of Oedipus can be found in the recount authored by Sophocles. In the story Oedipus has been made King of Thebes in gratitude for his freeing the people from a plague brought on them by the presence of the riddling Sphinx. Since Laius, the former king, had shortly before been killed, Oedipus has been further honored by the hand of Queen Jocasta. Now more deadly famines and diseases are raging and the people have come to ask Oedipus to rescue them as before. Oedipus give his brother in-law the job of finding the solution. Creon, Jocasta's brother, comes back from Apollo's temple with the announcement that the famine will be cured if Laius' murderer be found and cast from the city. I... ... things that don't support freud's idea. Freud’s theory was according to the libido theory every human relationship is based ultimately on instinctual drives. When the theory is applied to child-parent relationships several conclusions are suggested: â€Å"any kind of submissive devotion to a parent of the same sex is probably the expression of passive homosexuality or of sexual masochistic trends, while a rebellious rejection of a parent of the same sex is probably an inner fight against existing homosexual desires,† (Horney) Works Cited Bernheimer, Charles, In Dora's case : Freud—hysteria—feminism , New York : Columbia University Press, Horney, Karen, New Ways in Psychoanalysis, New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 2000 Clark, David. What Freud Really Said. New York: Scholden, 1995. Gay, Peter. Freud, A Life Of Our Time. New York: W.W. Norton, 1988.

Place Of Woman In A Society

There are two main pillars of human life-man and woman. Both share equal responsibility in the making of society and hence both are supplement to each other. But from the very beginning, there has been a big question mark on the status of women in our society. All talk of their role and responsibility but none care for their position. They have been exploited and ill-treated right from the beginning of the creation. But the reality is something else. Women have been put behind walls from ages. Sati Pratha is the bitter truth which shows to what extent our women folk have been exploited.Child marriage and a contemptuous attitude towards the widows are other examples of woman-exploitation. Raja Ram Mohan Roy was the first who raised voice against these unhealthy systems prevalent in Indian society. He took up the cause of the women and worked hard to abolish ‘Sati Pratha. ‘ It was due to his courageous work that Indian women dared to come out of Purdah. They got education w hich provided them opportunities to develop themselves at all levels. And in due course they surpassed the men. Today we see women in every field. They are marching shoulder to shoulder in every walk of life.Apart from teaching school children, women are now pilots, receptionists, police officers, doctors, engineers etc. The elevation in the status of the women sometimes creates confusion among us that Sita and Draupadi have born in the The previous condition was due to the lack of education but now the spread of education among women has same country. completely changed the scenario. They are occupying key positions in almost every field of society. Our country is progressing in this way no doubt. But sometimes it appears that over ­exposure of women is a suicidal attack for our future.On the one hand we are not still ready to forget the image of Sita and Savitri and on the other we are tempted to watch the over ­exposed movies on TV screen with the little kids of our family. O ur modern progressive girls are imitating the fashion very fast which is still not acceptable in our society. As a result it creates a lot of problems and crime for which this over-exposure is responsible. It must not be provocative. We must allow women to stand by themselves but they should also be learnt our culture and civilization. â€Å"The hands that rock the cradle the world. † – Napoleon Bonaparte

NATURE and How It Affects the Human Views

The written works of E.B. White and Loren Eiseley primary show the importance of literary implications upon the truth that connects nature with human behaviors. From their writings, It could be noted that the views of the authors upon the relation of natural wealth with the wealth of human individuals which they primary have in themselves.   To be able to explain this idea further, an examination on the stories of the said authors shall be explained in this paper. However, to continue with the observation of the written works, it is important to carry these following questions in mind during the discussion: How does the description of nature on the part of each author reflect the abilities of humans to change and retain their characteristics at the same time? How does the explanation of Natural adjustments able to picture the actual adjustments that humans deal with themselves everyday? How well did the authors discuss the ways by which nature itself becomes a metaphor to the human ways? Once More to the Lake by E.B. White The narrative description adapted by White in this particular story has much related the idea she was portraying to the trip that their family made to the pond when they went for a vacation. From the narration, it could be observed that she had a detailed description of every creature that she found to have inherited the areas that they were passing by. The life-based descriptions of the author upon the different living things that she saw along their journey showed so much connection with the human behavior towards the different situations that they are faced with everyday. The ways by which the animals tried to adapt to the changing climate as well as the changing situations that they needed to face in the environments that they exist with noted the fact the plants as well as the small animals picture the actualization if the fact that humans too are able to adjust with all the challenges that th they face in life everyday, that whatever the situations may post to them, they are trying their best to survive the pressures to the best possible way that they could. The Brown Wasps by Loren Eiseley In this particular writing, the small insects such as the mice were attested by the author as primary metaphors of the human behavior. This particular behavior relates the human creation towards the fact that they are able to make possible adjustments in their lifestyle depending on the environment that they are living in. It is undeniable that the ways by which the mice try to search for the best possibilities in the area that they are currently living in describes the exact process utilized by humans to adjust to the lives that they are supposed to face as individuals depending on the changes in their own society. Conclusion As a summary of the entire discussion presented herein, it is undeniable that both authors show the fact that the human behavior is indeed related to the fact that they are opportunists, like that of the small insects and small plants that are transferred from one place to another because of the wind or because of the demands of the climate, humans are also forced to change their lifestyle based on the environment that they are living in. This particular characteristic of humans makes it easier to survive life as they are able to portray in life right now. Reference: E.B. White Once More to the Lake (1941). http://www.moonstar.com/~acpjr/Blackboard/Common/Essays/OnceLake.html. (October 26, 2007). The Brown Wasps by Loren Eiseley. (1992). http://www.megaessays.com/viewpaper/97173.html. (October 26, 2007).         

REDS essays

REDS essays Reds, the historical epic written, produced, and directed by Warren Beatty, follows the life of John Reed as it intertwines with Louise Bryant , the Russian Revolution, and other historical characters. Featuring Warren Beatty as John Reed and Diane Keaton as Louise Bryant. Also, including Jack Nicholson as Eugene ONeil and Maureen Stapleton as Emma Goldman. It was nominated for twelve Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Original Screenplay, and more. The movie only won three awards; however, Best Director, Best Cinematography, and Best Supporting Actress. The movie begins in 1917, in Portland, where Bryant and Reed meet. Almost immediately the scene changes to New York, as Bryant moves to live with Reed there. They begin a love affair, but Bryant never really fits in or makes friends of her own. They are both journalists and Reed is actively involved with communism. He is so involved with his work that he did not spend enough time with Bryant to make her feel loved. Eventually, while Reed is away, Bryant begins a love affair with a friend, great American playwright Eugene ONeil. This lasts through Reeds absence, but when he returns he proposes to her and they get married. ONeil discovers the marriage and is extremely angry with Bryant. They do not leave on good terms. Eventually Reed discovers the romance that happened between ONeil and Bryant, and they separate. Meanwhile, they both continue their work. On the brink of the Russian Revolution, Reed decides to go to Russia and cover the story. He invites Bryant to go with him. They go there and remain for many months taking notes on the Russian Revolution. They return to the US, and decide to give their marriage another chance while they write their separate books dealing with the revolution. Eventually, he needs to return to Russia to try and get endorsement for an American Communist Party. When h ...

Dirt and Filth

Dirt and Filth Dirt and Filth Dirt and Filth By Maeve Maddox In todays paper I read: Moisture and filth on the video detection cameras lens can cause it not to detect cars I wondered why the speaker hadnt used the more appropriate word for the context: dirt. To me the word filth conveys something nastier than mere dirt, something not likely to make it to the lens of a camera suspended over traffic. For example, a mother means three very different things when she says: This room is messy. This room is dirty. This room is filthy! With messy one pictures scattered clothing, books, and papers, but nothing a quick tidying cant put to rights. With dirty come images of dusty furniture, smeared windows, and perhaps dried mud clumps on the floor. With filthy, however, the mind turns to fossilized half-eaten sandwiches, congealed pools of unrecognizable liquid, mysterious mattress stains, and ignored deposits from the family pet. A look at the etymology of both dirt and filth reveals pretty nasty origins for both. Dirt comes from an Old English word (dritan) meaning to defecate. In Middle English the noun drit meant excrement. The r and the i eventually traded places to form the modern spelling dirt. Linguists trace the word to the Latin word for diarrhea. Filth goes back to the Old English word for foul which was related to the Old High German word for rotten, the Gothic word for stinking, and the Latin word from which pus derives. I still think that what the traffic camera lens had on it was dirt. By the way, that stuff in your garden where the flowers grow isnt dirt. Its soil. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Wether, Weather, Whether"Confused With" and "Confused About"10 Writing Exercises to Tighten Your Writing

Assignment 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Assignment 2 - Essay Example It also attempted to address the shortcomings of the Articles of Confederation. The Articles of Confederation was an agreement between the 13 founding States and the established United States of America as a confederation of these States. It also served as the first constitution of the country before it was replaced by the constitution to which this permeable was made part of. It is important to note, however, that the Articles were insufficient to put a strong government in place and failed to provide solid constitutional foundations for the country. It was also because of this reason that it was subsequently replaced with the US Constitution in which this Permeable set out important constitutional direction for the formation and role of government. The Permeable to the Constitution formulated were based upon some ideals and also attempted to remove the shortcomings of the articles. It specifically mentioned some of the ideals and also outlined the intent of the framers of the Const itution. This paper will discuss the various ideals mentioned in the Permeable and will also outline how it attempted to overcome shortcomings of the articles. ... Provide for the common defense 5. Promote the general Welfare   6. Secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity   The permeable referred the name of the country as â€Å"United States of America† which is long considered as the essential reference regarding the nature of the government in the country. It also provides a reference to the federal government as an entity which has been created under the constitution and, therefore, overrules the inherent assumption that the States may be independent from each other and can also carryout foreign relations with other States. This idea, therefore, has also given rise to the concept of formation of a more perfect union wherein Federal Government tend to have relatively higher power as compared to the powers adapted by the States according to Federal, as well as individual States constitutions. Still, Constitution allows the individual States to function as sovereign states. Article 1 of the constitution defines the powers of government and how it is actually going to be formulated as a more perfect union. The use of the world to form a more perfect union is also considered as a shift from the Articles of Confederation wherein Nationalists specifically made the case that the Articles failed to provide a mechanism for more cohesive union and governance mechanism (Rakove, 230). The Federal Government was given enough powers to act on the citizens and, therefore, Federal government was given specific mandate to charge taxes directly and also subject the citizens to other issues. This has particularly help overcome constitutional difficulty which articles failed to overcome. It is also important to note that the use of the phrase â€Å"We the People† also provides an inherent sense that the Federal government

International economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

International economics - Essay Example 47). Knowledge is renowned as one of the competent resources for active global business surroundings (Salvatore 2013, p. 48). Technology relocate is not a simple issue it has prospective to sway the political and financial kindred of countries also (Salvatore 2013, p. 48). Multinational companies are having an exceptional opportunity to relocate the new expertise to the developing countries (Salvatore 2013, p. 49). In fresh times the bond between the technologies conveys and foreign unswerving investment through multinational companies became vital plank of the concern in all global economics and economic augmentation debates (Salvatore 2013, p. 49). There are numerous means of technology relocate and mutual promote is derivative out of it for in cooperation the mounting states and the multinational companies (Marrewijk 2007, p. 28). Several of the aspects that have chief impact upon the information sharing means are firm characteristics, industrial distinctiveness and business repli cas (Marrewijk 2007, p. 29). During the preceding decade with the rising globalization gamut, foreign direct investments (FDI’s) are approaching to budding countries (Marrewijk 2007, p. 29). Multinational companies are competent of creating innovative jobs thereby causative to the expansion of prosperity and welfare of the area in meticulous (Marrewijk 2007, p. 30). ... 30). Establishment of multinational companies’ overlays way to the entrance of mounting nations into the global souk which helps it to appreciate the modern principles and commerce practices (Marrewijk. 2007, p. 30). Attracting multinational companies and thus improving the alien currency and alien direct investment is an enhanced option (Marrewijk 2007, p. 31). Brining loans from the nationwide expansion organizations, World Bank and extra organizations with lot many concords is difficult and as an alternative, it is easy to push multinational companies to endow (Marrewijk 2007, p. 32). Multinational companies are documented as powerful engines for profitable development than any other foundation (Marrewijk 2007, p. 33). Multinational companies perk up competitiveness in the rising nations by influencing little aspects such as funds, exports, capability/skill, technology and communications (Marrewijk 2007, p. 34). Transfer of expertise with synergistic effects are rooted in a chieving â€Å"reasonable compatible† goals amid low residential countries and multinational companies (Salvatore 2013, p. 55). With the WTO and GATT administration the entry of multinational companies became effortless even in the rising orthodox collectivist nation like China (Salvatore 2013, p.56). For every corporation and state technology and novelty are vital in brining competitive perimeter (Salvatore. 2013, p. 56). By liberalizing it is policies China is preparation to build it is expertise and modernization capacities through unfamiliar direct investments (Salvatore 2013, p. 56). The expertise transfer is completed by multinational companies via various methods, 1. Forward and

History Research paper- Primary source analysis comprasion Paper

History - Primary source analysis comprasion - Research Paper Example the witnesses who made John Adams to be successful in deposing most of them, and eventually defending the soldiers successfully (www.gilderlehrman.org, 2012). By early 1770, Boston had about 15’000 a person with about 4000 British soldiers and the tension was rising. On the evening of March 5th, crowds pelted stones at British soldiers which resulted to the firing at the crowds by the soldiers, killing five inhabitants of the city. The historic engraving by John Revere â€Å"The Bloody Massacre in King-Street,† was produced. This was one of the war propaganda tools at the time. It is however not an accurate representation of the events that actually happened. The engraving shows the soldiers lined up shooting into the crowd and a poem Revere may have actually written. Revere is said to have based his engraving on the actual work of Henry Pelham. The following is observed from the engraving. The British soldiers have lined up with one of them giving the orders to shoot. This suggested the British soldiers were the aggressors. The crowd is seen reacting to the aggression when in fact they are the one who had started the attack. The expression of the soldiers on their faces is sharp while that of the colonists is innocent. These made the British look mean and as if they were enjoying the violence. In another feature of the engraving is that the laborers were dressed decently elevating their stature and how they were perceived by the general population. This clearly shows the biasness of the engraving by leaning on the side of the colonists themselves and portraying the British soldiers in bad light. This bias is also represented by the illustration of the sky which seems to shed light on the atrocities being committed by the soldiers. The unreliability of the engraving is also seen in the Illustration of Crispus Attucks who was an African American but is seen as otherwise not African American. Painting further depiction of the weather conditions at the time of

Animal Testing Essay Example for Free

Animal Testing Essay Living in the twenty-ï ¬ rst century society is beginning to raise questions about the importance and relevance of issues that could very easily alter our way of living. Animal testing is one of these issues; the use of non-human animals in experiments. When an opinion regarding whether or not animal testing is ethical is mentioned in conversation or our news, citizens generally begin to question its morality. In debates, the issues on animal testing should be divided into two sub-categories: what is necessary for survival, and what is moral. If animals do feel a little pain, can you imagine how they feel? They are forced to do something that they do not want to do just because they cant actually say ‘no’. Yet, scientists, the well educated people, believe that we should keep it, so should we really get rid of it? Animals used: Many different species of animals are used in research. In 2003, the majority of procedures used mice and rats. Other mammals accounted for around 3% of the total, including 11,000 pigs, 5000 dogs and 3000 primates (for example, monkeys and marmosets). Laboratory mice are used more often in research every year than any other animal species. Mice, and other rodents such as rats and hamsters, make up over 90% of the animals used in biomedical research. In addition to having bodies that work similar to humans and other animals, rodents are small in size, easy to handle, relatively inexpensive to buy and keep, and produce many offspring in a short period of time. However, rodents may not always be the best animal to use in certain experiments. In these cases, dogs, cats, rabbits, sheep, ï ¬ sh, birds, reptiles and amphibians, or other kinds of animals may be used. All of these animals together make up less than 10% of the animals used in research. Methods of testing the drug: 1.Exposure Testing Some animals are tested by exposure testing. Animals like rats, dogs, cats, monkeys and birds are exposed to things that people would normally be exposed to. Exposure includes inhaling cigarette smoke or being in a place where furniture polish is sprayed. Exposure to microwaves, UV lights, the sun and extremes in temperature are also ways animals are tested. The results found include diseases that show up because of exposure to elements, learning disabilities that might occur (based on maze and behavior tests after exposure) and pregnancy complications that go along with exposure. These tests are usually used to make conclusions about what a humans reaction would be to the speciï ¬ c substances or conditions that the animals were exposed to. Conclusions might be that products are safe for humans based on exposure to animals or that products and elements are not safe based on what happened to the animals. 2.Skin Testing Some products, like cosmetics, are tested on animals by skin testing. In this method of testing, animals have products applied to their skin. This is done especially with pigs. The products, like cosmetics and other skin care products, are introduced to the animals skin, and the results are recorded. Most of this testing is done by cosmetic companies themselves, who are looking for any adverse reactions the products might have. Reactions they are looking for include breakouts, skin irritations, sicknesses or allergies that crop up with exposure. Research companies might be paid by cosmetic companies to test the products of competitor companies to make sure that the products they are selling will perform better. Cosmetic companies and skin care companies are also looking to test how well their products work Skin testing on an animal http://www.peta.org/b/thepetafiles/archive/tags/skin against the claims they have made for their own +corrosion/default.aspx products. 3.Injection Testing Many animals are tested with injection testing. For drug testing, this might mean injecting an animal with a drug to see what the side effects of the drug might be. Allergy medications, acne medications, seizure medications and disease medications are tested on health animals to test for side effects like sicknesses, birth defects or behavior problems. Other animals are tested by ï ¬ rst being injected with a disease or a sickness, and then injected with a course of drugs to see which drug might beneï ¬ t it the most. Diseases include AIDS, Cancer, Parkinsons Diabetes and Epilepsy. The beneï ¬ ts they are looking for include a reduction in symptoms, a cure for the disease, or a way to slow down the diseases progress. Injection testing usually measures the effects of the substance that is being injected on the animals, in order to see what results those things might have Ingected animal testing for people. http://urchinmovement.com/ 2011/08/11/the-rise-of-the-planetof-the-apes-animal-testing-goesmainstream/ 2 Nayla Khalifa AlKhalifa 4.Creation Testing Some animals are created in order to be tested, or their creation itself is the test. Scientists play with the genetic makeup of animals and attempt to create new animals. They also perform experiments on animals in utero, such as inject them with drugs, expose them to chemicals and change their genetic makeup to see if these experiments can be accomplished successfully and then to see if those results can be repeated for humans. Animals are cloned in labs to see if the cloning process works and what drugs, processes and genetic manipulations affect cloning in what way. Cloned animals are then studied to determine the effects of cloning on a general population. 5.Behavior Testing Some animals are tested in a way that is unobtrusive. Behavior tests are not usually meant to test a product or cosmetic or drug. They are tests that look at the lives of the animals and their behaviors. Some tests might include testing the speed at which mice can run various mazes or testing an animals ability to recognize colors or symbols. These tests might include exposing animals to loud sounds like music or yelling or to stressful situations including loud sounds, ï ¬â€šashing lights or strange smells or vibrations. Researchers then watch their behavior and make conclusions about what might happen to people in the same situation. Behavior tests also include studying the way a dog thinks by having him respond to commands and stimuli or testing the way another animal reacts when praised or yelled at. These behavioral tests give more information about how animals think and how their brains work, and also provide insights into why humans might have some of the same behaviors or issues as animals. What are the alternatives? There is a huge range of non- animal research techniques that, as well as being a more humane approach to science, can also be cheaper, quicker and more effective. These include: ââ€" Cell cultures Almost every type of human cell can be grown in culture and this has been key to understanding cancers, sepsis, kidney disease and HIV/AIDS. Cells grown in test tubes are routinely used in chemical safety testing, vaccine production, medicines development and to diagnose disease. ââ€" Chemical methods Analytical techniques used by chemists can be used to detect toxins in products, such as the LCMS method to replace the use of mice who are injected to detect toxins in shellï ¬ sh. ââ€" Tissue and organ culture Tissues from humans donated after surgery or even death can be used to investigate diseases and also test whether drugs might be safe and effective, before they are used on humans. ââ€" Computer models Programs run on computers can be used to predict whether a chemical is going to be harmful based on its similarity to other chemicals, or to even simulate body processes such as heart rate. ââ€" Human Volunteers Studies of humans can often be the best way to replace animals. We can now see inside peoples’ brains using imaging machines or test microscopic amounts of new drugs harmlessly on volunteers, as well as conduct large scale studies of populations to help see what might cause disease (epidemiology). Scientists are moving away from using animals but it is a slow process and they need more support. My opinion on animal testing is that we still need it but we should try to minimize the amount of animals being used and the pain the may experience even when pain relievers and anesthetics are used. We should use alternatives as much as we need to. We should not completely ban animal testing until we have a full replacement for it that works just as well or even better. Scientist are actually just trying to save someones life, I think many people in this world would see that as a selï ¬â€šess act. Personally I would rather an animal die than a cancer patient. They also test on animals as some of them are very much like humans, that means if an animal has a positive reaction towards a drug we are one step closer to curing a disease and we would all rather an animal die during research than a human. Animals are mostly used to develop medicines for the sick and have they have actually helped ï ¬ nd different treatments for cancer, strokes, and may other diseases that many people die from each year. Anyone that thinks that they are against animal testing is basically telling some cancer patients that they would rather them die then some rats. I would never ban animal testing. I ï ¬ nd that the people who protest against animal testing are an insult to the poor people that are ï ¬ ghting for their lives lying in a hospital bed some where with one chance of getting their life back by taking a drug that may have been tested on animals. It makes me feel really uncomfortable knowing that healthy people want something which will drastically decrease the standard of living of others. A complete ban on animal testing will have very serious negative effects on medical research. I believe that developing better, more effective and safer drugs is more important than sparing a few rats. Either way, if we continue animal testing ( which we are now ) too many animals are getting hurt, money is being spent, and products are still being tested, but if we ban animal testing we only have alternatives that work with only certain parts of an animals body. So, if we do either one we will still have issues.

Observational Learning of Violent Behavior Essay -- essays research pa

Today violence has become an every day experience in life. Playing video games or turning on the television, and flipping through the channels at random, you will most likely stumble upon various forms of violence. Does it desensitize or help us tolerate violence? And the most controversial issue, does it cause violence? Most humans learn by simply watching, and then imitating the action rather than trial and error or direct experiences of the consequences of our actions (this is not to say that watching and imitating is the only way of learning). This method of learning is called observational learning. The highly recognized psychologist with observational learning is Albert Bandura. Bandura’s theory states that observational learning is the result of cognitive processes that are actively judgmental and constructive opposed to mechanical copying. Bandura created an experiment to prove his theory. The experiment consisted of three different films, and four year old children that watched them separately. On each of the three films, a female adult aggressively played with a Bobo doll (hit, punch, kick, throw, etc.). The only differences in the three films were the endings. One ending showed the woman being rewarded with soft drinks, candy, and snacks, after playing with the Bobo doll aggressivel y. The other version of the film portrayed punishment by scolding and spankings by other adults, after performing aggressive behaviors towards the Bobo doll. In the last film the aggre...

How terrorism affect our economy Essay

Terrorism and terrorist activates are never intended to target an economy directly, instead it is designed to scare people who, overwhelmed by there trepidation destroy there own economy. The pliant economy of United States was misjudged in contrast with the September 11 terrorist attacks. Despite an estimated $120 billion of damage and a great deal of anxiety, one year following the 9/11 attacks considerable recovery was recorded in U. S economy. A disagreement between the Economists world wide has been shaping up over the affects of terrorism on the economy of USA, many feel that because acts of terrorism are usually aimed towards small portions of the stock of capital of a country so effect on economic activity are not very large(Enders and Sandler 2006). On the other hand, consciences of terrorism on the economy under pragmatic estimation suggest large and long term affects (Terrorism and the World Economy 40). If we review the federal budgets between FY 1998 and FY 2001 $ 48. 3 billion where available in surplus. Attacks of September 11 originated a blow to the economy of Manhattan, but not to that of Boston or Chicago. Terrorism creates a pessimistic affect on industries like air travel, hotels and insurance at large, but if we review economy’s overall performance, investment and demand shifted to other industries-especially when Federal Reserve eased credit in order to calm post-Sept. 11 markets. The immediate and the fore most impact that originate due to terrorism is the development of Paranoia attitude towards the economy through restrictive air travel and raising uncertainty, economy is drifting into a phase of recession. U. S economy has been diminishing even further after U. S invasion in Afghanistan and Iraq. Another way terrorism affected our economy is the lift in oil price which proved to be an economic jolt over the American nation who is now linking this oil situation with the upcoming elections and political agenda of American presidential candidates. The most direct damage that terrorism brought to our financial system is the deficit of U. S. government budget, which was a record of 413 billion dollars in 2004. A slight drop of $198 billion in deficit is being predicted by CBO for FY 2009 which is expected to increase moderately by 2010. If we analyze the reports released by CBO we will realize the shocking increase in the expenditure of war on terrorism over the last few years, federal finances for the department of home land security, and ever mounting cost of government beneficial social sachems such as medical & health care and social security has halted economical development. Economists are predicting an inevitable increase in red ink taxation; this is resulting in an increasing cost of housing and other basic amenities which is ultimately decreasing the consumption power of an American. (CBO) Terrorism creates a general sense of insecurity, this brings a huge expanse on U. S federal budget in shape of home land security dept, Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that federal resources devoted to homeland security activities were a total of about $41 billion in 2004, roughly double the amount allocated to those activities before September 11, By 2007 Spending for the Department of Homeland Security increased by about 6 percent, to $42. 7 billion this money was required to further strengthen the borders and aviation security. General Seance of insecurity also slowed the pace of economic growth in 2007; economists strongly feel that it will slacken further in 2008. According to CBO, the consistent problems in the housing and financial markets and the high price of oil has curbed spending on household and businesses this is also ensuing decrease in the growth of GDP. Laws and policies developed to control terrorism has overwrought federal resources to a total of $2. 9 trillion for 2008, while the revenue will total $2.7 trillion, which will result in budget deficit of $219 billion, this situation will be worsening with the additional $30 billion required to sustain military activates in Iraq and Afghanistan. (CBO 10) As a consequence American nation is facing a decline in funds allocation for national health dept, education, and Environment protection, the 2007 financial budget favored spending on defense which brought an overall decline in resources allocated for developing U. S social welfare programs Another worrying line of attack in which terrorism is affecting U. S economy is the current decline of the U. S dollar. By 2007, an 8% decline was recorded in U. S dollar’s performance in index compared to its six largest trading partners. According to the predictions made by Stephen Malyon, (a currency strategist at Scotia Capital in Toronto) the current weakness in dollar should persist for the first two quarters of the current financial year, while a rise of $1. 55 in Euro against dollar was also anticipated by him. (Ellis 2008) Terrorism creates an anxiety in the midst of American people who quite frequently hear about terrorist threats and the on going war on terrorism, while a general sense of insecurity has detained the business community, and this has created a lack of confidence among the main stream investors. Terrorism has also put the burden of humongous expense that the nation had to face in shape of Dept of home land security, ever since Sept 11, while this dept controls almost all issues related to national security and U. S intelligence, an increase in the federal resources and funds devoted towards this department, and as a consequence every year a considerable decline is recorded in social benefits such as education and national health care. Other affects of terrorism on American economy at large are the red ink taxes, increase in oil cost and the decline in dollar value; all of this is contributing towards decreasing the purchase power of an average American. Economists worldwide agree that the negative aspects and the decline in U. S economy is the cost that USA is paying for the war on terrorism. More over a large number of political & economical analyst feel that the issue of terrorism is being propagated by the American presidential candidates in there political agendas which is a major cause of nervousness among the nation. Many argue today about United States aggressive strategy to counter terrorism has been a mistake and think that a defensive strategy would have been a more appropriate choice in terms of the affects of terrorism on U. S economy. Work Cited; †¢ Enders Walter and Todd Sandler. The Political Economy of Terrorism. 1st ed. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University, 2006. †¢ Abadie, Gardeazabal. â€Å"Terrorism and the World Economy. † (2007): 40. †¢ Orszag, Peter R. United States, CBO. The Budget and Economic Outlook:Fiscal Years 2008-2017. Washington, DC: CBO, 2007. †¢ Ellis, David. â€Å"Dollar’s slide. † It’s the economy, stupid (2008 )

Children Development 3-5 Years

3 – 5 YEARS PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT Buttons/unbuttons own clothing, cut out simple shapes, draw a person with head, trunk and legs, walk on a line, aim and throw ball, hop on one foot, form letters; write own name, colour in pictures, completes 20-piece jigsaw, skip with a rope, run quickly and able to avoid obstacles, throw large ball to a partner and catch it. Run, jump, begin to climb ladders; can start to ride tricycles; try anything; is very active. INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENTUnderstand concepts like grouping and matching, identify parts of a whole, draw, name, and briefly explain pictures, actively seek information. Tell their full name and age, show awareness of past and present, play with words, mimicking and creating sounds, and make rhymes, point to and name many colors, understand order and process, draw a person with detail, learn both by observing and listening to adults' explanations. Begins to notice differences in the way men and women act. Imitate adults. Continue t o learn through senses. Begin to see cause-and-effect relationships.Are curious and inquisitive. LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT Retell a story (but may confuse facts) Combine thoughts into one sentence Ask â€Å"when? â€Å", â€Å"how? † and â€Å"why? † questions. Use words like â€Å"can,† â€Å"will,† â€Å"shall,† â€Å"should,† and â€Å"might†. Combine thoughts into one sentence. Refer to causality by using â€Å"because† and â€Å"so† Follow three unrelated commands. Understand comparatives like loud, louder, loudest. Understand sequencing of events when clearly explained. Listen to a long story. EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT Seem sure of self. May not obey limits, tests rules, and often says no.Need freedom with limits. Self-assured, stable and well-adjusted. Like to be around mother and like to be at home. Like to follow rules. Like being given jobs to do. Can wait for their needs to be met, can feel secure when in a strange p lace away from their main carers, are less rebellious and use language rather then physical outbursts to express themselves. May have imaginary fears and anxieties. Project their own experiences onto dolls and toys. Show awareness of their own feelings and those of others, and talk about feeling. Similar essay: How Different Types of Transitions Can Affect Children